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When feeding green fodder to horses, and during the stall period 4-5 kg of silage per day, gadfly larvae develop faster and leave the body earlier. For the destruction of mature larvae excreted with feces, horse manure is placed in a manure storage and subjected to biothermal neutralization. The body of gadflies, like all insects, consists of ampicillin pills sections - the head, chest and abdomen. The head in shape approaches the hemisphere, it has complex and simple eyes, rudimentary mouth organs. The chest of the gadfly consists of three sections. On the sides, one pair of wings is attached to the chest, the second is rudimentary.

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The wings have a peculiar form of ampicillin, which is important in taxonomy.

3 more pairs of limbs are attached to the chest, the last segment of which bears a pair of claws and suckers. The abdomen of females ends with a long ovipositor. The body is covered with small hairs.

Gadfly larvae have a very simple structure, worm-like, but do not have limbs and a head. The body is spindle-shaped, consists of 13 segments. All have posterior spiracles located on the 13th segment. Sometimes there is a pair of small spiracles on the 3rd segment.

In addition, at the front end is a pair of sharp, curved hooks. On all segments, except for the 12th and 13th, there are rows of spinules of diagnostic value.

Horses, donkeys, mules are susceptible to the disease. The disease is ubiquitous. Infection occurs in the summer, mainly on pastures, especially in dry, hot weather. Thin, emaciated horses are more often affected under poor conditions.

The pathogenic effect of ampicillin larvae depends on their localization, the degree of invasion and the general condition of the organism.

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The larvae injure tissues with their spines and fixation organs, which leads to disruption of the motor and secretory functions of the affected organs, as well as intoxication of the host organism with metabolic products and the secretion of ampicillin glands of gadfly larvae. In the habitats of the larvae, an inflammatory process develops, crater-shaped wounds form. Often there is a rebirth and even perforation of the walls of the duodenum or stomach.

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Horses are in a state of sensitization with larval metabolic products. Symptoms and course. Clinical signs of gastrophiles are not specific. A weak degree of invasion in healthy horses does not appear. In heavily infested animals, chronic gastroenteritis, pallor of the mucous membranes, loss and perversion of appetite, progressive emaciation, often convulsive contraction of the jaws and symptoms of colic are observed.

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The latter are due to a violation of the process of evacuation of food masses due to blockage of the pylorus by larvae.

Increased cardiac impulse, thirst, fatigue are noted. When watering, horses that have gadfly larvae on the walls of the pharynx, soft palate, water flows out of the nostrils, coughing is observed, swallowing is difficult, they slowly chew food.

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When the rectum is damaged after defecation, its final part turns outwards and sometimes attached larvae are visible. With progressive exhaustion, the death of the animal is possible, especially in early spring.

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The diagnosis is made on the basis of a complex of studies. History is of great importance. The disease is more common in horses that have been on pastures for a long time without care.behind the skin. If eggs are found on their skin, it is possible to predict the infection of the animal with gadfly larvae. If gastrofilosis is suspected in winter and early spring, animals are given 1% avermectin paste (2 g/100 kg of weight) inside, which causes the release of a certain amount of larvae with feces. Allergic diagnostics is also used.

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Prevention and control measures. On days of mass flight, gadflies keep horses indoors and graze at night.

Gastrophyllus eggs are scraped off the hair shafts with a sharp knife blade once a week. The coat is periodically irrigated with emulsions of neostomazan, butox, protein, ectocin-5, racidol. It is also necessary to observe the measures of personal prevention.